村八分: The Practice of Social Exclusion in Japan

In Japanese culture, there are many traditions and practices that have greatly influenced society today. One interesting practice is called “村八分” or “mura hachibu,” which involves social exclusion within a community.

These days, I was thinking about moving to Okayama prefecture the place where seems calm and peaceful. However, when I searched for the reputation from immigrants, the place is not peaceful for immigrants. So I’m procrastinating to think about it because I’m afraid of facing “mura hachibu”.

The origins and meaning of 村八分 (mura hachubu)

“村八分 (mura hachibu),” which translates to “village eight parts,” originated from ancient Japanese customs and traditions. In the past, this practice was used to punish individuals who were considered social outcasts or had committed serious offenses in their community. Those who were subjected to “mura hachibu” would experience extreme isolation, being completely cut off from social interactions and denied access to resources within their village.

The term “村八分 (mura hachibu)” means that an individual who is targeted as 村八分, the one is ignored 80 % in the events, including greetings, while 20% come together to cooperate during funerals and fires. Even if someone is ostracized by the village, it is important to attend to fires to prevent further damage. Similarly, attending to corpses is necessary to avoid foul odors and the spread of diseases.

The impact of 村八分 on individuals and communities

The practice of “村八分 (mura hachibu)” had a deep impact on both the individuals who were ostracized and the communities that implemented this form of social exclusion. For those who were subjected to “mura hachibu,” the results were often very negative. They would feel extremely lonely, face discrimination, and be stigmatized, which could lead to psychological trauma and even suicide in some cases.

Furthermore, 村八分 also had a negative impact on the overall harmony and unity within communities. By isolating individuals, it created divisions and tensions that could last for many years. This practice strengthened social hierarchies and the belief in conformity, discouraging individuality and differing opinions that could potentially question the existing state of affairs.

Young people left villages

Due to the isolated nature of this village community, many young people have left, causing a decrease in population and a lack of successors. This has also resulted in financial difficulties. Although local governments provide various benefits to migrants, I believe that residents in villages or local areas still embrace the idea of “mura hachibu,” which discourages outsiders. Because of this mindset, I have not considered relocating to a local area. Some argue that people in Tokyo are unfriendly and expensive, but sometimes distant relationships can be preferable to close ones.

The Decline and Modern Interpretation of 村八分

In modern Japan, the practice of “村八分 (mura hachibu)” has decreased a lot, but some elements of this practice can still be seen in certain social situations. Some people say that the pressure to fit in and maintain harmony in Japanese society can create a situation where people who don’t follow the norms may still be left out or pushed to the edge.

村八分 will not disappear

The practice of “村八分 (mura hachibu)” may have decreased in modern Japan, but its influence and impact on society still persist. Despite efforts to promote inclusivity and diversity, there are still elements of social exclusion and pressure to conform in Japanese society. These factors contribute to the continued existence of 村八分 in various forms and situations. It is important to acknowledge and address these issues in order to foster a more inclusive and accepting society in Japan.