The Japanese language is known for its unique features and intricacies, one of which is its inherent ambiguity. Unlike some other languages that strive for clarity and precision, ambiguity is often embraced and even celebrated in Japanese communication.
The Japanese language that allows for deception
In Japanese, conversations can happen without mentioning the subject. Also, the language allows for uncertain expressions at the end of sentences, like “kana (maybe)” or “mitaina (something like that)”. These expressions help avoid explicitly stating “who” is the subject and allow the speaker to take responsibility by not making definitive statements. In Japanese, where understanding hidden meanings is important in communication, these “uncertain expressions” play a significant role in relationships. By not using definite expressions like “kamoshiremasen (it is possibly like that)”, it can be difficult to determine whether a misunderstanding in a conversation is the speaker’s or the listener’s fault.
The words that the Japanese use when creating ambiguity
Ichiou 一応 /itʒioː/
The word “ichiou” in Japanese can be translated as “just in case” or “for now.” It is often used to indicate a temporary or provisional action or state. It implies that something is being done or considered as a precaution or as a temporary measure, without making a firm commitment or guarantee. It can also convey a sense of “for the time being” or “tentatively.” The use of “ichiou” allows for a certain level of ambiguity and flexibility in communication, leaving room for potential changes or adjustments in the future.
However, when you report something to your boss, using “ichiou” is considered rude. For formal conversation, it is better not to use “ichiou”.
Toriaezu とりあえず /toɾiaezu/
The Japanese word “toriaezu” can be translated as “for now” or “as a first step.” It is often used to indicate a temporary action or decision that is taken without much thought or commitment. This word allows for flexibility and ambiguity in communication, suggesting that something is being done or considered as a provisional measure until a more definitive plan or decision is made. It implies a sense of “let’s do this for the time being” or “let’s start with this, but it may change in the future.” “toriaezu” is a versatile expression that allows for adaptability and leaves room for adjustments or changes as needed.
Kentou shimasu/Kangaete okimasu 検討します／考えておきます /kentoːʃimasu, kangaete okimasu/
“Kentou shimasu” is often translated as “I will consider” or “I will examine.” It implies that the speaker will carefully assess or analyze a matter before making a decision or forming an opinion. It suggests a deliberate and thorough examination of various factors or options.
“Kangaete okimasu” can be translated as “I will think about it” or “I will keep it in mind,” almost the same as “kentou shimasu”. It indicates that the speaker will give some thought to a topic or idea, possibly for future reference or consideration. It implies that the speaker will take the matter into consideration and may revisit it later.
Both expressions leave room for ambiguity and provide flexibility in Japanese communication. They allow the speaker to indicate their willingness to give thought or consideration to a topic without making a definite commitment or providing a clear answer. This ambiguity helps maintain harmony and avoid potential misunderstandings in conversations.
However, if you invite your friend to go for a drink and they respond with “I will think about it,” it typically indicates that your friend is not very interested in going with you, more than 50% likely.
To omou kedo と思うけど /to omou kedo/
The expression “to omoukedo” in Japanese can be translated as “I think, but…” or “I feel like…”. It is often used to express uncertainty or hesitation in one’s thoughts or opinions. This phrase allows the speaker to convey their perspective while acknowledging the possibility of being incorrect or open to other interpretations. It adds an element of ambiguity to the conversation, leaving room for further discussion or exploration of different viewpoints.
In Japanese communication, phrases like “to omoukedo” help maintain a sense of humility and respect for others’ opinions. By using this expression, the speaker avoids sounding too assertive or imposing their viewpoint on others, promoting a more collaborative and harmonious conversation.
It is important to note that the use of “to omoukedo” does not necessarily indicate a lack of confidence or knowledge on the speaker’s part. Instead, it reflects the cultural emphasis on maintaining social harmony and avoiding unnecessary conflicts or disagreements.
Sou desune そうですねえ /soudesuneː/
“Sou desune” is an expression commonly used in Japanese conversations. It can be translated as “That’s right” or “I agree.” This phrase is often used to acknowledge and validate the speaker’s statement or opinion. It implies that the listener understands and agrees with what has been said. It is a polite and affirming response that helps maintain harmony and positive rapport in conversations.
But sometimes, “そうですね” is temporarily used to show agreement up to that point. If a person says “soudesune…” slowly, it may indicate that the person is still unsure but can temporarily agree with you.
Docchi demo どっちでも /dottʃidemo/
“Docchi demo” is a commonly used expression in Japanese. It means “either is fine” and indicates that either option is acceptable without clearly favouring one over the other. This expression plays a role in expanding the range of choices in communication by allowing flexibility and ambiguity.
Maa, sonna kanji まあ、そんな感じ /maː sonna kandʒi/
The phrase “maa, sonna kanji” means conveying a certain feeling or atmosphere without explicitly stating a specific opinion or emotion. This allows the speaker to progress the conversation while maintaining harmony with the other person without clearly expressing their own opinions or emotions.
Kana かな /kana/
The expression “kana” is used when the speaker expresses an opinion or prediction but is uncertain or not entirely sure. This expression allows for further conversation by leaving room for uncertainty and other interpretations. For example “The client must want the plan B kana”, in this case, they use “must” but soften the opinion by using “kana” in the end.
Kamoshiremasen かもしれません /kamo ʃiɾemasen/
The expression “kamoshiremasen” is used when the speaker makes a guess or conveys uncertain information. This expression is used to convey information that lacks certainty, playing a role in making the speaker’s claims more flexible. For example, “she wants to get married me kamoshiremasen”, means the guy is not sure if the girlfriend really wants to marry him.
We Japanese avoid direct conversation
As a characteristic of Japanese people, “being constantly aware of others and their surroundings” can be mentioned. This allows them to effectively express themselves. They may use expressions such as “not having 100% confidence” to avoid conveying incorrect information or disappointing others’ expectations. Even in direct conversations, they may confidently speak and observe the other person’s facial expressions, while using vague expressions at the end of sentences to make the content ambiguous or vague.
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